Progressivism
Reform from Teddy...Wilson
status-quo challenged
(Stephen Perez)
Presidents Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson all sought progressive reform. (Laura Granillo)
T.R takes office and his personality reflects the way he exercises his power. - Henry Go
Progressive Spirit
From Roosevelt to Wilson
World War I Onset
-Jessica Bolanos
Teddy to Wilson
The banning of alcohol
Strength versus morals
-Jonathan Lo
_
characteristics of progressivism
1. industrialization
2. progress and human nature
3. right of intervention
4. use of state
5. importance of nurture (vs. nature)
6. mass support
AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, NTA, BAR ASSOCIATIONS(clare)
-when improved had 8400 members and by 1920 nearly 2/3 of all doctors belonged. (AMA)
-lawyers formed bar associations for regulations restricting entry into the profession. (ex: National Education Association)
DR. ALICE HAMILTON(clare)
-devoted her life to helping the less fortunate. Choosing medicine, she went toe the Universtiy of Michigan Medical School and then settled in Chicago where she met Jane Addams and took a room in a Hull House. She traced a locally typhoid eepidemic to flies carrying germs from open privies. She then pioneered research into the causes of lead poisoning and other industrial disease. She was aappointed to a commission on occupational diseases then headed a statewide survey of industrial poisons. Thanks to her, Illionois passes the first state law providing compensation for industrial disease caused by poisonous fumes and dust.
JANE ADAMS QUOTE(clare)
“Private beneficence is totally inadequate to deal with the vast numbers of the city’s disinherited.” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zo6d3xQ6780
Charity Organization Society of New York- 670 (Jessica Bolanos) ·Held a tenement house exhibition that graphically presented the new kind of sociological data oIncluded more than a thousand photographs, detailed maps of slum districts, statistical tables and charts, and graphic cardboard depictions of tenement blocks oNever before had so much information been pulled together in one place!
Lawrence Veiller- 670 (Jessica Bolanos) ·A young social worker ·Put together a tenement house exhibition that was a huge success ·He correlated data on poverty and disease with housing conditions ·He pointed out that new slums were springing up in more areas of the city ·http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/Veiller,+Lawrence+Turner
publications on the poor- 671 (Jessica Bolanos) ·Study after study analyzed the condition of the poor ·Books and pamphlets contained pages of data on family budgets, women’s wages and working conditions, child labor, etc. ·Massive reports were being published on the poor
National Conference of Charities and Corrections- 671(Laura Granillo) ·Through it, social workers oDiscovered each other’s efforts oShared methodology oTried to establish themselves as a separate field with in the social sciences
National Conference of Social Work- 671 (Laura Granillo)
The Survey- 671 ·National Conference’s professional magazine
Women’s Christian Temperance Union- 671
The head of the crusade to remove booze from American society
Founded in the 1870s
Had nearly 250 thousand members by 1911
Largest organization of women for that time period
-Jonathan Lo
Anti-Saloon League- 671
Joined the WCTU
Pressed to abolish alcohol and the places consumed
Succeeded in many areas
-Jonathan Lo
18th Amendment- 672
Passed during WWI
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor
Began January 1920
Changed the atmosphere in America
People began to go against it and smuggle liquor however
Prohibited interstate transportation of women for immoral purposes
Basically, it banned prostitution
-Jonathan Lo
women’s organizations, 1890-1910- 672 (Stephen Perez) · Feminists were active in the political sphere · Pursued higher wages · Better working conditions · Jobs of reform:
o College graduates
National Assoc. of Colored Women- 672 (Stephen Perez) · Founded in 1895 · 15 years before the NAACP · Aimed at social welfare · Local level:
o Established kindergartens, day nurseries, playgrounds, and retirement homes
General Federation of Women’s Clubs- 672 (Stephen Perez) · Had 20,000 members in 1900:
o 1 million in 1912 · Sarah P. Decker:
o Leader · Supported reforms to safeguard child and women workers · Improve schools · Ensure pure food · Beautify the community · Eventually gave support towards women suffrage
Sarah P. Decker (Stephen Perez) · New president of the General Federation of Women’s Clubs · Told the ladies of the club that they need to turn their attention to their own needs and take matters into their own hands · Because of Sarah Decker, the federation became highly involved in communities
National American Women Suffrage Association- 672 (Stephen Perez)
women need to influence elected officials (men)
growing numbers of women were involved in the suffrage movement
merge of the National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Women Suffrage Association in 1890
characterized by unity and a tightly controlled national organization
Keating-Owen Act- 674, 691-jessbolda Keating-Owen act
Wodrow Wilson backed law to limit child labor
The keating owen act
The supreme court over turned it
Claiming it as an improper regulation of local labor conditions
Hammer vs. Dagenhart- 674
Second Child Labor Act- 674-jessbolda 2nd
In 1919 congress tried again in the second child labor act
Again struck down
Not until the 1930’s did congress succeed in passing a court-supported national child labor law
Bailey vs. Drexel Furniture Co.- 674
William James- 674-jessbolda
pragmatism- 674-jessicabolda Pragmatism
From William James
People were not only shaped by their environment they shaped it
Tough minded individuals who could live effectively in a world with no easy answers
They accepted change
Knew how to pick manageable problems gather facts, discard ideas that do not work
Act on those that did
Ideas that worked became truth
John Dewey- 674
most influencial educator of the progressive era
applied pragmatism to educational reform
believed that thought evolves in relationto the enviroment and education is directly related to experience
founded a school of pedagogy at universtiy of Chicago
introduced an educational revolution that stressed childrens needs and capablities
opposed memorization, rote learning, and dogmatic authoritaritorian teaching methods
(taylor)
Judge Ben Lindsay- 674
sentenced a boy to reform school for stealing coal
later found out that he stole it to warm his dying father
believed that children werent born with a genetic tendency to crime, and made bad or good decisions depending on thier enviroment
sentenced youth offenders to education and good care
worked for playgrounds, slum clearence, publich baths and technical schools
AKA kids judge he attracted many visitors from as far as Japan to study and copy his methods
(taylor)
Socialist Labor Party- 674
urged workers to join a worldwide revolution to overthrow capatialism
treid in secrey to gain control of important labor unions (failed)
(taylor)
Daniel De Leon- 674
brililan factitian
took leadership of the socialist LAbor Party in 1890's but lacked support
Social Democratic Party- 674
Socialist Party of America- 674-75
voter turnout after 1900- 675
interest group- 676
-professional societies; trade associations, labor organization, farm lobbies, and scores, of other interests groups, worked outside the party system to pressure government for things their members wanted
-they created specialized "academics" to train police and firefighters
National Municipal League- 676
-it became trhe forum for debate over civic reform, changes in the tax laws and municipal ownership of public utilities
commissions and city managers- 677
-cities were now using commisions or manager type of government hired engineers to oversee utility and water systems, physicians and nurses to improve municipal health, and city planners to oversee park and highway development.
public utilities- 677
-Cities turn to more public ownership of gas, electricity, water and transportation
-Patrick Herling
state regulatory commissions- 678
-States created regulatory commissions to examine cooperate books and other money making businesses
-Patrick Herling
initiative, referendum, recall- 678
Initiative- which allowed voters to propose new laws
-referendum- which allowed them to accept or reject a law to the ballot box
recall-which gave them a way to remove an elected official from office
-Patrick Herling
17th amendment- 678
--Direct elections for senators
-Patrick Herling
direct primaries- 678
-Given to the politicians that they must offer reforms and duties to get elected
-Patrick Herling
Robert M. La Follette- 679
-The most famous reform governor
-put together the wisconsin idea
-Patrick Herling
Revenue Act of 1916
-boosted income taxes and furthered tax reform
-Patrick Herling
Wisconsin Idea- 679
- all reforms
-established industrial commission
-improved educations, workers comp, public utility
-lowered railroad rates and raised railroad taxes
-direct primary for all political nominations
-state income tax
-Patrick Herling
Roosevelt’s personality- 679
Open, aggressive, and high spirited
persuasive and charming
very opinionative
“bully pulpit”- 679
it is the president's job to affirmatively and persuasively advocate an agenda
reflected his domestic and foreign policy
TR’s views on race- 679-80
put blacks into important federal positions
wanted racial progression
He was a closet racist
he ignored some acts of racism
Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Corporations- 680
created to control the trusts
given the power to investigate corp. engaged in interstate power
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvZP93XqyTw
Northern Securities Company- 681
United Mine Workers- John Mitchell- 681 The commission awarded the coal miners a 10 percent wage increase and a cut in working hours
election of 1904- 681 Roosevelt drubbed his democratic opponents, Alton B. Parker and Eugene V. Debs
Elkins Act- 682
Hepburn Act- 682
The Jungle, Upton Sinclair- 682
Meat Inspection Act of 1906- 683
Pure Food and Drug Act- 683
Samuel Hopkins Adams- 683
Dr. Harvey W. Wiley- 683
Gifford Pinchot- 683
National Conservation Congress- 683
National Commission on Conservation of National Resources- 683
election of 1908- 684
Taft’s personality- 685
Joseph “Uncle Joe” Cannon- 685
Payne-Aldrich Act- 685
Nelson Aldrch- 685
Ballinger-Pinchot Affair- 686
Mann-Elkins Act- 686
election of 1910- 686-87
16th Amendment- 687
Bull Moose Party- 687-88
New Nationalism- 688
New Freedom- 688
Wilson’s rise- 689
Wilson’s personality- 689-90
Underwood Tarriff Act- 689
Federal Reserve Act- 689
Clayton Anti-Trust Act- 690 (Mai Le)
(1914) this act completed Wilson's initial legislative program
Outlawed interlocking directorates
prohibited unfair trade practices
forbade monopolizing policies
made corporate officers liable for antitrust violations
declared unions were not conspiracies against trade
court injunctions illegal
Pujo Committee- 690
Federal Trade Commission- 690 (Mai Le)
5 members whose job was to oversee business methods
investigate and otherwise keep businesses in order
Wilson in 1915- 691
Louis Brandeis- 691
Federal Farm Loan Act of 1916- 691 (Mai Le)
Gave farmers the same kind of credit given to trade and industry
William B. Wilson, Labor Department- 691 (Mai Le)
a leader of the United Mine Workers
1st head of Labor Department (1913)
Ludlow, CO strike- 691 State militia and mine guards fired machine guns into a tent colony of coal strikers, killing 21 men
Adamson Act- 691 Imposed the eight hour day one interstate railways and established a federal commission to study the railroad problem
Federal Workmen’s Compensation Act- 691
Tarriff Commission Act- 694
Revenue Act of 1916- 694
expansion of presidency- 695
-
Chapter 23http://xcpapus.wikispaces.com/chapter23
_
Chapter in a sentence (or a haiku)-
Teddy roosevelt
progressivism-HOOO RAHH!
power is for all
-clare
Progressivism
Reform from Teddy...Wilson
status-quo challenged
(Stephen Perez)
Presidents Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson all sought progressive reform. (Laura Granillo)
T.R takes office and his personality reflects the way he exercises his power. - Henry Go
Progressive Spirit
From Roosevelt to Wilson
World War I Onset
-Jessica Bolanos
Teddy to Wilson
The banning of alcohol
Strength versus morals
-Jonathan Lo
_
characteristics of progressivism
1. industrialization
2. progress and human nature
3. right of intervention
4. use of state
5. importance of nurture (vs. nature)
6. mass support
AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, NTA, BAR ASSOCIATIONS(clare)
-when improved had 8400 members and by 1920 nearly 2/3 of all doctors belonged. (AMA)
-lawyers formed bar associations for regulations restricting entry into the profession. (ex: National Education Association)
DR. ALICE HAMILTON(clare)
-devoted her life to helping the less fortunate. Choosing medicine, she went toe the Universtiy of Michigan Medical School and then settled in Chicago where she met Jane Addams and took a room in a Hull House. She traced a locally typhoid eepidemic to flies carrying germs from open privies. She then pioneered research into the causes of lead poisoning and other industrial disease. She was aappointed to a commission on occupational diseases then headed a statewide survey of industrial poisons. Thanks to her, Illionois passes the first state law providing compensation for industrial disease caused by poisonous fumes and dust.
JANE ADAMS QUOTE(clare)
“Private beneficence is totally inadequate to deal with the vast numbers of the city’s disinherited.”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zo6d3xQ6780
Charity Organization Society of New York- 670 (Jessica Bolanos)
· Held a tenement house exhibition that graphically presented the new kind of sociological data
o Included more than a thousand photographs, detailed maps of slum districts, statistical tables and charts, and graphic cardboard depictions of tenement blocks
o Never before had so much information been pulled together in one place!
Lawrence Veiller- 670 (Jessica Bolanos)
· A young social worker
· Put together a tenement house exhibition that was a huge success
· He correlated data on poverty and disease with housing conditions
· He pointed out that new slums were springing up in more areas of the city
· http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/Veiller,+Lawrence+Turner
New York State Tenement House Commission- 671 (Jessica Bolanos)
· Was appointed by Governor Theodore Roosevelt to do something about the problem of new slums and poverty and disease
o Was appointed due to public outcry
· http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=9800E1DA1339E733A25750C0A9629C946197D6CF
publications on the poor- 671 (Jessica Bolanos)
· Study after study analyzed the condition of the poor
· Books and pamphlets contained pages of data on family budgets, women’s wages and working conditions, child labor, etc.
· Massive reports were being published on the poor
National Conference of Charities and Corrections- 671(Laura Granillo)
· Through it, social workers
o Discovered each other’s efforts
o Shared methodology
o Tried to establish themselves as a separate field with in the social sciences
National Conference of Social Work- 671 (Laura Granillo)
The Survey- 671
· National Conference’s professional magazine
Women’s Christian Temperance Union- 671
- The head of the crusade to remove booze from American society
- Founded in the 1870s
- Had nearly 250 thousand members by 1911
- Largest organization of women for that time period
-Jonathan LoAnti-Saloon League- 671
- Joined the WCTU
- Pressed to abolish alcohol and the places consumed
- Succeeded in many areas
-Jonathan Lo18th Amendment- 672
- Passed during WWI
- Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor
- Began January 1920
- Changed the atmosphere in America
- People began to go against it and smuggle liquor however
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution-Jonathan Lo
Mann Act- 672
- Passed in 1910
- Prohibited interstate transportation of women for immoral purposes
- Basically, it banned prostitution
-Jonathan Lowomen’s organizations, 1890-1910- 672 (Stephen Perez)
· Feminists were active in the political sphere
· Pursued higher wages
· Better working conditions
· Jobs of reform:
o College graduates
National Assoc. of Colored Women- 672 (Stephen Perez)
· Founded in 1895
· 15 years before the NAACP
· Aimed at social welfare
· Local level:
o Established kindergartens, day nurseries, playgrounds, and retirement homes
General Federation of Women’s Clubs- 672 (Stephen Perez)
· Had 20,000 members in 1900:
o 1 million in 1912
· Sarah P. Decker:
o Leader
· Supported reforms to safeguard child and women workers
· Improve schools
· Ensure pure food
· Beautify the community
· Eventually gave support towards women suffrage
Sarah P. Decker (Stephen Perez)
· New president of the General Federation of Women’s Clubs
· Told the ladies of the club that they need to turn their attention to their own needs and take matters into their own hands
· Because of Sarah Decker, the federation became highly involved in communities
National American Women Suffrage Association- 672 (Stephen Perez)
Link for all Stephen's Terms (relates to all):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qOcIYLaLJ2c
Carrie Chapman Catt- 672 (Ana Granados)
- superb organizer
- president of National American Women Suffrage Association
- by 1920, nearly 2 million members
- believed in organizing and peaceful lobbying to win vote
http://womenshistory.about.com/od/cattcarriec/p/carrie_catt.htmAnna Howard Shaw- 672 (Ana Granados)
- (1904)head of National American Women Suffrage Association
- believe in organizing and peaceful lobbying to win vote
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Howard_ShawCongressional Union- 672
woman’s suffrage arguments- 672-73 (Ana Granados)
- suffragists claimed the vote as natural right, owed to women as much as men
- (more pragmatic) since women more sensitive to moral issues than men, they would use their votes to help better society
- would support temperance, clean government, laws to protect workers, and other reforms
*attracted progressives who believed women's vote would purify politicshttp://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/suffrage/history.htm
19th amendment- 673 (Ana Granados)
- in effect in 1920
- the right to vote shall not be denied "on account of sex"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_ConstitutionKeating-Owen Act- 674, 691-jessbolda
Keating-Owen act
Wodrow Wilson backed law to limit child labor
The keating owen act
The supreme court over turned it
Claiming it as an improper regulation of local labor conditions
Hammer vs. Dagenhart- 674
Second Child Labor Act- 674-jessbolda
2nd
In 1919 congress tried again in the second child labor act
Again struck down
Not until the 1930’s did congress succeed in passing a court-supported national child labor law
Bailey vs. Drexel Furniture Co.- 674
William James- 674-jessbolda
pragmatism- 674-jessicabolda
Pragmatism
From William James
People were not only shaped by their environment they shaped it
Tough minded individuals who could live effectively in a world with no easy answers
They accepted change
Knew how to pick manageable problems gather facts, discard ideas that do not work
Act on those that did
Ideas that worked became truth
John Dewey- 674
- most influencial educator of the progressive era
- applied pragmatism to educational reform
- believed that thought evolves in relationto the enviroment and education is directly related to experience
- founded a school of pedagogy at universtiy of Chicago
- introduced an educational revolution that stressed childrens needs and capablities
- opposed memorization, rote learning, and dogmatic authoritaritorian teaching methods
(taylor)Judge Ben Lindsay- 674
- sentenced a boy to reform school for stealing coal
- later found out that he stole it to warm his dying father
- believed that children werent born with a genetic tendency to crime, and made bad or good decisions depending on thier enviroment
- sentenced youth offenders to education and good care
- worked for playgrounds, slum clearence, publich baths and technical schools
- AKA kids judge he attracted many visitors from as far as Japan to study and copy his methods
(taylor)Socialist Labor Party- 674
- urged workers to join a worldwide revolution to overthrow capatialism
- treid in secrey to gain control of important labor unions (failed)
(taylor)Daniel De Leon- 674
- brililan factitian
- took leadership of the socialist LAbor Party in 1890's but lacked support
(taylor)Eugene V. Debs- 674
- of the american railway union
- formed social democratic party
- gentle and reflective not a radical.
(taylor)http://igs.berkeley.edu/library/hot_topics/2008/Dec.2008/Images/Debs_Canton_1918.jpg
Social Democratic Party- 674
Socialist Party of America- 674-75
voter turnout after 1900- 675
interest group- 676
-professional societies; trade associations, labor organization, farm lobbies, and scores, of other interests groups, worked outside the party system to pressure government for things their members wanted
-they created specialized "academics" to train police and firefighters
National Municipal League- 676
-it became trhe forum for debate over civic reform, changes in the tax laws and municipal ownership of public utilities
commissions and city managers- 677
-cities were now using commisions or manager type of government hired engineers to oversee utility and water systems, physicians and nurses to improve municipal health, and city planners to oversee park and highway development.
public utilities- 677
-Cities turn to more public ownership of gas, electricity, water and transportation
-Patrick Herling
state regulatory commissions- 678
-States created regulatory commissions to examine cooperate books and other money making businesses
-Patrick Herling
initiative, referendum, recall- 678
Initiative- which allowed voters to propose new laws
-referendum- which allowed them to accept or reject a law to the ballot box
recall-which gave them a way to remove an elected official from office
-Patrick Herling
17th amendment- 678
--Direct elections for senators
-Patrick Herling
direct primaries- 678
-Given to the politicians that they must offer reforms and duties to get elected
-Patrick Herling
Robert M. La Follette- 679
-The most famous reform governor
-put together the wisconsin idea
-Patrick Herling
Revenue Act of 1916
-boosted income taxes and furthered tax reform
-Patrick Herling
Wisconsin Idea- 679
- all reforms
-established industrial commission
-improved educations, workers comp, public utility
-lowered railroad rates and raised railroad taxes
-direct primary for all political nominations
-state income tax
-Patrick Herling
Roosevelt’s personality- 679
- Open, aggressive, and high spirited
- persuasive and charming
- very opinionative
“bully pulpit”- 679- it is the president's job to affirmatively and persuasively advocate an agenda
- reflected his domestic and foreign policy
TR’s views on race- 679-80- put blacks into important federal positions
- wanted racial progression
- He was a closet racist
- he ignored some acts of racism
Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Corporations- 680- created to control the trusts
- given the power to investigate corp. engaged in interstate power
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvZP93XqyTwNorthern Securities Company- 681
United Mine Workers- John Mitchell- 681
The commission awarded the coal miners a 10 percent wage increase and a cut in working hours
election of 1904- 681
Roosevelt drubbed his democratic opponents, Alton B. Parker and Eugene V. Debs
Elkins Act- 682
Hepburn Act- 682
The Jungle, Upton Sinclair- 682
Meat Inspection Act of 1906- 683
Pure Food and Drug Act- 683
Samuel Hopkins Adams- 683
Dr. Harvey W. Wiley- 683
Gifford Pinchot- 683
National Conservation Congress- 683
National Commission on Conservation of National Resources- 683
election of 1908- 684
Taft’s personality- 685
Joseph “Uncle Joe” Cannon- 685
Payne-Aldrich Act- 685
Nelson Aldrch- 685
Ballinger-Pinchot Affair- 686
Mann-Elkins Act- 686
election of 1910- 686-87
16th Amendment- 687
Bull Moose Party- 687-88
New Nationalism- 688
New Freedom- 688
Wilson’s rise- 689
Wilson’s personality- 689-90
Underwood Tarriff Act- 689
Federal Reserve Act- 689
Clayton Anti-Trust Act- 690 (Mai Le)
Pujo Committee- 690
Federal Trade Commission- 690 (Mai Le)
Wilson in 1915- 691
Louis Brandeis- 691
Federal Farm Loan Act of 1916- 691 (Mai Le)
William B. Wilson, Labor Department- 691 (Mai Le)
Ludlow, CO strike- 691
State militia and mine guards fired machine guns into a tent colony of coal strikers, killing 21 men
Adamson Act- 691
Imposed the eight hour day one interstate railways and established a federal commission to study the railroad problem
Federal Workmen’s Compensation Act- 691
Tarriff Commission Act- 694
Revenue Act of 1916- 694
expansion of presidency- 695